Slow strain rate technique for studying hydrogen induced cracking in 34CrMo4 high strength steel

Alloy hardened steels offer excellent combination of mechanical properties, hardenability and corrosion resistance. 34CrMo4 is a medium carbon, low alloy steel widely used due to a good combination of high-strength, toughness and wear resistance. However, this steel experiences hydrogen embrittlement (HE), a complex phenomenon depending on the composition and microstructure. This work estimates de loss of the mechanical properties caused by hydrogen in electrochemically H-charged specimens in absence of mechanical stress but also, at low strain rate and constant load. H-charging for 2 and 6 h induce YS losses of about 40% and 71% and UTS losses of 39% and 59%, respectively. The synergistic effect of the stress and the H-charging process leads to a higher loss, 91%, and a faster brittle fracture even though hydrogen content is similar to those firstly H-charged and then tested in air.     

汽车锁零部件碱性锌镍合金电镀工艺

介绍了汽车锁零部件碱性挂镀锌镍合金电镀生产线的开发过程,包括前期市场调研、中期小槽试验、后期成本核算、电镀工艺流程确定、废水处理工艺制定以及阳极膜应用可行性分析。     

冲击载荷下TC18钛合金力学性能模拟研究

TC18钛合金在退火状态下的屈服强度非常高,进行动态力学性能测试存在一定困难,可优先考虑采用数值模拟方法对其动态力学性能进行研究,而数值模拟结果的精确性主要取决于合金本构方程的精确性。为了减少数值模拟与实验结果之间的差异,在Johnson-Cook模型的基础上做了调整,利用ABAQUS软件的子程序接口自定义了材料本构子程序UMAT,以代码的形式来扩展ABAQUS程序的功能。通过与ABAQUS/Standard软件分析结果以及实验结果的对比,验证了自定义材料本构子程序UMAT计算结果的精确性与可靠性。该研究可为TC18钛合金的结构设计提供参考。     

Luminescent and magnetic properties of cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet and yttrium iron garnet composites

Functional materials exhibiting magnetic and luminescent properties have been recognized as an emerging class of materials with great potential in advanced applications. Herein, properties of multifunctional ceramic composites consisting of two garnets, luminescent cerium-doped Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (Ce:YAG) and magnetic Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ (YIG), are reported. On increasing the sintering temperature, both the photoluminescence and saturation magnetization of the Ce:YAG-YIG composites decreased gradually because of the interdiffusion of trivalent ions such as Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺. At a constant sintering temperature of 1100?°C, the YIG contents in the composites increased, thereby causing their luminescent properties to degrade and the saturation magnetizations to increase. For application to electronics, Ce:YAG-YIG composite thin films were integrated on quartz substrates by sputtering the ceramic target. The composite thin films exhibited both magnetic and luminescent properties after annealing. These techniques facilitate the incorporation of multifunctional nanocomposites into various devices.     

超厚板TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头应力腐蚀敏感性

针对100 mm超厚板TC4钛合金电子束焊接接头，采用慢应变速率拉伸方法评价接头在人造海水中的应力腐蚀敏感性，分析接头的显微组织和断口形貌，对接头的腐蚀机制进行研究. 结果表明，室温条件下应变速率为ε=1×10-6 s-1时，母材在海水中未表现出应力腐蚀敏感性；焊缝上部、中部和下部具有轻微应力腐蚀敏感性. 焊缝在海水中发生阳极溶解，产生氢吸附，导致裂纹的萌生. 同时氢扩散诱导α'相界及α'相内发生位错塞积，进而使裂纹在更低的应力水平下发生扩展.     

Probing the degenerate pattern growth of {100}<011> orientation in a directionally solidified Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy

Degenerate pattern is a seemingly disordered morphology but it exhibits the inherently ordered crystal connected with tip-splitting and limited stability which makes it difficult to observe in the metallic system. Here we employ (100)[011] orientated planar-front seeds using directional solidification and reveal the fundamental origins of the degenerate pattern growth in an Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy. We find that the spacing of the tip-splitting (λ) in the degenerate of the alloys followed a power law, λ∝V^−0.5, and the frequency (f) of the splitting was related to the growth velocity (V) by ƒ∝V^1.5. The dimensionless growth direction (θ/θ₀) increased monotonously and approached 0.6 with faster velocity, attributed to its anisotropy in the interface kinetics. Once growth velocity exceeded a threshold, two types of pattern transitions from degenerate to regular dendrites were proposed. One of them exhibited a random and chaotic mode and the other underwent a rotation in growth direction.     

Corrosion behaviour of Al1.3CrFeNi chemically complex alloy

In this study, corrosion behaviour of double-phase Al_1.3CrFeNi chemically complex alloy was investigated, including hot corrosion and electrochemical corrosion. Hot corrosion behaviour of Al_1.3CrFeNi alloy was explored in molten 75 wt-% Na₂SO₄?+?25 wt-% NaCl salt. The result revealed that the corrosion kinetic curve of Al_1.3CrFeNi alloy followed the exponential rate rule through mass loss measurement. In addition, it prevented that the formed corrosion layer had obvious stratification including external granular Al₂O₃ and inner porous Cr₂O₃ when corrosion time was up to 100?h. Besides, it should be noted that the Al_1.3CrFeNi alloy was sensitive to the molten salt containing chlorine, which makes the alloy surface leave voids and bring about acceleration of corrosion. Meanwhile, electrochemical corrosion resistance of Al_1.3CrFeNi alloy in NaCl solution with different concentrations (0.6, 1.0 and 2.0?mol?L^?1) was investigated at room temperature. The results revealed that Al_1.3CrFeNi alloy showed superior corrosion resistance in NaCl solution due to the existence of Al and Cr which aid the formation of protective oxide layer.     

磁场环境下铝电解熔融铝液成分激光诱导击穿光谱原位测量分析

铝电解车间具有高温、强磁、多粉尘等环境特点,当前生产过程中熔融原铝的成分检测主要是人工取样然后离线分析,化验过程及结果具有较大的滞后性,故将激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)技术应用于铝电解车间铝液成分原位、实时测量具有重要意义。实验采用Nd:YAG脉冲激光器,多通道光纤光谱仪和电感耦合器件(CCD)探测器组成的激光诱导击穿光谱测量系统对电流为400kA电解槽中熔融铝液的主要成分铁、硅进行了探测,对原铝中部分元素的特征谱线进行了归属分析。考察了激光能量在磁场环境下的衰减变化及谱线梯度变迁规律,结果表明,距离电解槽边缘约2m处激光能量衰减达最大。分析了磁场对测试系统的影响,并建立了定标曲线,铁和硅两种元素按照内标法建立的定标曲线拟合度分别为93.50%和97.10%,采用该模型进行了测试实验,并用国标GB/T 7999—2015中光电直读发射光谱(OES)测试的相关指标验证测试结果的重复性与允许差。实验证明,LIBS技术在电解铝行业在线检测方面具有较好的应用前景,但是测试的稳定性与重复性也是面临的一个重要问题。     

熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定硅质、铝质、镁质和铬质耐火材料中15种组分

硅质、铝质、镁质和铬质耐火材料中MgO、Na₂O、Fe₂O₃、MnO、Cr₂O₃、TiO₂、P₂O₅、SiO₂、CaO、K₂O、Al₂O₃等组分含量的分析,一般采用EDTA滴定法、分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法测定,操作繁琐,耗时长;而使用X射线荧光光谱法分析时,4种基体的耐火材料需要采用不同的熔融方法和校准曲线。为了将4种基体的耐火材料统一制样方法,并使用同一组校准曲线同时测定MgO、ZrO₂、Na₂O、ZnO、NiO、Fe₂O₃、MnO、Cr₂O₃、V₂O₅、TiO₂、P₂O₅、SiO₂、CaO、K₂O、Al₂O₃等主次组分,实验选用3套国外耐火材料标准样品,并对熔融温度、时间、稀释比等熔融制样条件进行优化;通过峰位及强度扫描确定各元素电压、电流、准直器等条件,达到灵敏度与分辨率最佳,通过扫描PHA确定脉冲宽度,提高准确度。理论α系数校正元素间吸收增强效应,用比例法计算校正谱线重叠,优化校准曲线,提高分析方法准确度。各组分校准曲线线性相关系数R²在0.9940~0.9999之间。按照实验方法熔融JRRM507、JRRM803、JRRM129 3个标准样品,进行方法精密度和熔片精密度试验,结果表明重复性均能达到GB/T 21114—2007要求。按照实验方法选择镁铬矿、高岭土、铝土矿3类标准物质进行正确度验证,VS P14/3、UNS KK、ZBK394标准物质中MgO、ZrO₂、Na₂O、ZnO、NiO、Fe₂O₃、MnO、Cr₂O₃、V₂O₅、TiO₂、P₂O₅、SiO₂、CaO、K₂O、Al₂O₃等主次组分的测定结果与认定值相吻合。